Recent developments in the conflict in the Middle East reflect the complexity of geopolitics which continues to change and is full of challenges. In recent months, tensions in the region have increased, especially between Israel and Palestine. Attacks launched in 2023 raise global concerns about regional stability. The main causes of this conflict include issues of land rights, the status of Jerusalem, and settlement activity. Meanwhile, in Syria, although the main armed conflict has subsided, shifts in power between armed groups continue to make the situation unstable. The actions of Kurdish militants and the intervention of Türkiye and Russia add to the complexity. With more than 5 million refugees, the humanitarian challenge in Syria is also a very pressing issue. In Yemen, the protracted war between the Saudi-backed government and the Houthis continues. Despite peaceful efforts, frequent attacks and a tight blockade have resulted in a severe humanitarian crisis. Resolving this conflict faces various obstacles, including the polarity between the Gulf countries and Iran. In Lebanon, a weak government and economic crisis have created further instability. The Hezbollah party, which has strong influence, has strategic implications for the state of Israel-Lebanon relations. This tension often triggers a series of clashes. Recent developments have also been seen in Iran, where political protests have increased against the government. The demands for reform and social change not only affect the country but also influence Tehran’s foreign policy, especially in relations with Western countries. Meanwhile, the role of the United States as a traditional mediator in this conflict is experiencing challenges. With foreign policy frequently changing, support for Isreal is unaffected, but policies towards Palestine and Iran often face criticism. In this context, broader international relations, including the involvement of the European Union and other Arab countries, have become an important factor in the dynamics of the Middle East. In addition, social changes in the region, such as the normalization of relations between several Arab countries and Israel, show the impact of diplomatic relations due to pressure to achieve a stronger and deeper peace. However, anti-Israel sentiment remains strong in some quarters, both among the Palestinian people and in neighboring countries. In the economic aspect, the impact of the conflict in the Middle East is also in the spotlight. Falling oil prices and political instability have had a negative impact on the regional economy. Countries that rely heavily on oil revenues are starting to feel the adverse effects of changes in global energy markets, affecting the economy and jobs. Environmental conditions in the Middle East, including issues of climate change and difficulties in managing water resources, add further layers of complexity to existing conflicts. Many countries in the region are struggling to meet the basic needs of their populations, while competition for resources is becoming sharper. Looking to the future, one of the main challenges is the search for an inclusive peaceful solution involving all relevant parties. Diplomats around the world continue to encourage dialogue, in the hope that the future of the Middle East can be more stable, even though its current reality remains highly volatile.